The Use Of Triple Antiretroviral Drugs During Feeding Protects The Child From HIV

The Use Of Triple Antiretroviral Drugs During Feeding Protects The Child From HIV.
In sub-Saharan Africa, many mothers with HIV are faced with an inferior choice: breast-feed their babies and danger infecting them or use formula, which is often out of go as far as because of cost or can repel the baby due to a lack of clean drinking water dexona for increasing weight. Now, two new studies realize that giving pregnant and nursing women triple antiretroviral drug therapy, or treating breast-fed infants with an antiretroviral medication, can dramatically cut dow a fell transmission rates, enabling moms to both breast-feed and to watch over nearly all children from infection.

In one study, a combination antiretroviral drug therapy given to pregnant and breast-feeding women in Botswana kept all but 1 percent of babies from contracting the infection during six months of breast-feeding enhancement. Without the treat therapy, about 25 percent of babies would become infected with the AIDS-causing virus, according to researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health.

A supporter study, led by researchers from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, found that giving babies an antiretroviral panacea once a date during their first six months of spark of life reduced the transmission rate to 1,7 percent. Both studies are published in the June 17 end of the New England Journal of Medicine.

In the United States, HIV-positive women are typically given antiretrovirals during pregnancy to leave alone passing HIV to their babies in utero or during labor and delivery. After the tot is born, women are advised to use formula instead of breast-feeding for the same reason, said elder study author Dr Charles M van der Horst, a professor of medicament and infectious diseases at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

That works well in developed nations where method is easy to come by and a clean water supply is readily available, van der Horst said. But throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, still water supplies can be contaminated by bacteria and other pathogens that, especially in the non-existence of good medical care, can cause diarrheal illnesses that can be deadly for babies.

Previous fact-finding has shown that formula-fed babies in the region die at a high rate from pneumonia or diarrheal disease, leaving women in a Catch-22. "In Africa, soul milk is absolutely essential for the first six months of life," van der Horst said. "Mothers there separate that. It was a 'between a surprise and a hard place' issue for them".

In the Botswana study, Harvard researchers gave 730 HIV-infected expecting women one of three combinations of antiretroviral drugs starting between 26 weeks and 34 weeks gestation and continuing through six months after the baby's birth, at which nitty-gritty they would wean the child. Infants also received a unmarried dose of nevirapine and four weeks of another antiretroviral medication.

Among those babies, the class of mother-to-child transmission was 1,1 percent, the lowest ever reported, according to the study. The three versions of cure-all combinations had similar efficacy. In the study conducted in Malawi, HIV-positive mothers were given either antiretrovirals after emancipation and while breast-feeding, or instructed to give their babies a single vial of the soporific nevirapine daily. Infants in a third control group received a single portion of nevirapine and seven days of two other antiretroviral drugs.

About 5,7 percent of babies in the conduct group and 2,9 percent of babies whose mothers took the triple-drug therapy became infected with HIV by 6 months. The 2,9 percent play a part could probably be lowered by starting the deaden cocktail during pregnancy, van der Horst said. Yet van der Horst believes for the poorest of the pinched in Africa, the infant regimen is more feasible than triple-drug therapy for moms, which requires testing and monitoring and medical facilities to do so.

For infants, nevirapine is greatly within reach and inexpensive relative to other drugs, and the once-a-day dosage is easy to carry out. "We found the infant nevirapine was incredibly safe, incredibly cheap, well-tolerated and it guts incredibly well, almost entirely shutting off transmissions immediately," van der Horst said.

Dr Rodney Wright, pilot of HIV programs in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, called the findings "very encouraging". The studies show rates of mother-to-child transportation comparable to those in the developed world. "The studies show women in the developing society can have low levels of dissemination of HIV from mother to child, even in the setting of breast-feeding. One of the big issues has always been the dilemma to settle upon between healthy breast-feeding, which carries with it the risk of HIV transmission, and issues of poor water supplies".

Researchers don't advised of why a small number of babies continue to get infected with HIV, but it could be due to a variety of reasons, including missed dosages or other infections that could enjoin the medications from being absorbed properly howporstarsgrowit.com. About 430000 children are infected with HIV worldwide each year, about 40 percent of whom are infected through breast-feeding, according to an accompanying editorial.